New York Times (11-5-14)

  Cooking time 2 hrs 30 mins

  Servings 4-6

INGREDIENTS

• 4 meaty lamb shanks (ask for the hind shanks), about 4 1/2 to 5 pounds
•  Salt
• 2 teaspoons ground cinnamon
• 1 teaspoon grated nutmeg
• 1 teaspoon ground cardamom
• 1 teaspoon ground dried rosebuds, optional
• 1 teaspoon ground black pepper
• 1 teaspoon turmeric
•  Vegetable oil
• ¼ teaspoon crumbled saffron
•  Juice of 2 limes, about 4 tablespoons
• 3 teaspoons rosewater, available from Middle Eastern grocery shops
• 1 large onion, roughly chopped
• ½ teaspoon ground dried lime, or the zest of 1 fresh lime
•  Zest of 1 orange, plus 1 tablespoon more for garnish
•  A few thyme sprigs
• 2 fresh bay leaves
• 6 cups hot chicken broth or water
• 2 tablespoons roughly choppedparsley, for garnish
• 2 tablespoons roughly chopped mintor dill, for garnish
  

PREPARATION

1. Trim any excess fat from lamb shanks and season generously with salt. Mix together the cinnamon, nutmeg, cardamom, rosebuds (if using), black pepper and turmeric. Sprinkle evenly over shanks and rub into meat. Let sit at room temperature at least an hour, or wrap and refrigerate overnight, then bring to room temperature.
2. Place a Dutch oven or deep, heavy pot over medium-high heat and add oil to a depth of 1/2 inch. When oil is hot, add 2 lamb shanks and fry until nicely browned on all sides, about 5 minutes. Remove and set aside, then brown the 2 remaining shanks.
3. Meanwhile, put saffron in a small bowl with lime juice, 2 teaspoons rosewater and 1/2 cup warm water. Let steep for 10 minutes. Heat oven to 350 degrees.
4. Carefully remove all but 2 tablespoons oil from Dutch oven. Add chopped onion and cook over medium heat until softened and lightly colored, 8 to 10 minutes. Season onion with salt, then add lime zest, orange zest, thyme sprigs and bay leaves. Stir in saffron mixture. Lay in the lamb shanks and add the broth. Bring to a boil, then turn off heat and cover pot.
5. Transfer pot to oven and bake for about 1 1/2 hours, covered, until meat is tender when probed and beginning to fall from the bone. Remove lamb shanks to a deep serving dish and keep warm. Strain braising juices through a fine-mesh sieve into a bowl, pressing with a wooden spoon to obtain all the liquid (discard thyme, bay leaves and onions). Skim fat, then taste and add salt if necessary. Add 1 more teaspoon rosewater, if desired. Reheat strained juices and pour over lamb shanks. Combine parsley, mint and reserved orange zest and sprinkle over top.
6. Use a large spoon to break the tender shank meat into large chunks. Serve in low, wide soup plates, giving each portion a spoonful of the juices. Accompany with steamed Basmati rice, lavash flatbread or a loaf of crusty French bread.

NOTE

• Some brands of rosewater are more strongly perfumed than others. Use sparingly at first, then add more to taste.